 Malawi - history
Malawi - History, In 1000- or 1100-t. settlers in present-day Malawi. The
name Malawi comes from the Maravi Federation, which was a loosely organized
group of bantust states, presumably established in the late 1400's, whose
economic foundations were agriculture and trade in ivory, gold and slaves. In
the 1800's. the slave trade intensified as the yao people, in
collaboration with Swahili and Arab merchants, increased their
influence. In the second half of the 1800-t. Islam spread, but at the same time
David Livingstone missioned in the Malawi region, paving the way for British
mission and trade companies, including the African Lakes Company. The British
established the British Central African Protectorate in 1891as part of a major
political and commercial agreement with Portugal, Germany and Cecil Rhodes and
its British South Africa Company. In 1907, the protectorate Nyasaland was
christened, and it became primarily a labor reserve, where the people worked on
the white settlers' properties or in the mines of South Africa. Nyasaland had
the same role in the Central African Federation, which was established in 1953
and also consisted of Northern and Southern Rhodesia. During the federation,
Nyasaland stagnated. In 1963, the federation was dissolved following strong
resistance organized by Nyasaland's Hastings Banda.
- Countryaah:
What does the flag of Malawi look like? Follow this link, then you will see
the image in PNG format and flag meaning description about this country.
Malawi gained independence in 1964 and in 1966 Banda was elected
president. He introduced one-party rule and ruled Malawi with a hard hand
throughout the 1970's and 1980's. During this period, many opposition politicians
were murdered or subjected to torture. Malawi was one of Africa's poorest
countries and economically highly dependent on South Africa. Banda, however, was
often praised for his monetary policy by the Monetary Fund and the World Bank,
but he was highly unpopular among African leaders because of the cooperation
with the South African apartheid regime. Supported by the churches grew the
1991-92 opposition to Banda's rule. He was forced to hold elections on the
reinstatement of the multi-party regime following pressure from the opposition
and from the West.
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At the May 1994 presidential election, Banda was replaced by Bakili
Muluzi. The transition to democracy was thus completed in relatively peaceful
forms. Muluzi's party, the United Democratic Front, the UDF, also won the 1997
parliamentary elections, but the party's popularity declined over the years as
it failed to significantly reduce poverty and corruption. The election rules
meant that Muluzi could not stand for reelection in the 2004 presidential
election. UDF's new candidate Bingu wa Mutharika (1934-2012) won the
presidential election by 36% of the vote, with the remainder distributed to four
other candidates. At the simultaneous parliamentary elections, the UDF became
only the second largest party. Shortly after the election, Mutharika started an
anti-corruption campaign that also affected key people in the UDF. This has
resulted in Mutharika getting parliament against him and therefore having
difficulty implementing his policy. In May 2005, Mutharika took the consequence
and formed a new party, the Democratic Progressive Party, which did not,
however, resolve the power struggle between parliament and the
president. Mutharika died in 2012 and was followed by the Vice President Joyce
Banda.
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