Mali – national flag
Mali – national flag, The flag was officially adopted in 1961. The French tricolor was the model, but the colors are pan-African and inspired by the flags of Ethiopia and Ghana. In Mali’s case, the colors are also party colors for the African Democratic Assembly, which led the country to independence. The flag was originally created in 1959 with a male figure in the middle.
- Countryaah: What does the flag of Mali look like? Follow this link, then you will see the image in PNG format and flag meaning description about this country.
Mali – history
Mali History, The area has been inhabited by humans at least since 7000 BC. With the foundation in 200-tfKr. of the town of Jenne on the banks of the Niger River began an era in which the area’s mighty realms and large trading towns were among the most significant in Africa. The largest and best-known kingdoms, the Ghana, Mali and Songhair empires, were all highly organized and characterized by a strong central power. Their vast wealth came especially from control of the gold mines in Fouta Djalon and trade across the Sahara. The realms were among the world’s leading cultural and educational centers and had close relationships with the Arab world. As the last of these kingdoms, the Songhair kingdom dissolved approximately 1600 AD, but also later smaller kingdoms, The Mapa, Segu, Tukulor, and Macinar kingdoms marked themselves strongly in the region.
- AbbreviationFinder: Check three-letter abbreviation for each country in the world, such as MLI which represents the official name of Mali.
The French colonization ended the era of the great kingdoms. After several years of fighting, the area in 1890 became French colony under the name French Sudan. The primary function of the colony was to serve as a labor reserve for the French activities of the more resourceful coastal colonies. As a result, investment in physical and social infrastructure was limited and French Sudan was one of the absolute poorest of the African colonial countries. In June 1960, French Sudan gained political independence in a federation with Senegal. The federation dissolved soon after, and the Republic of Mali was proclaimed in September 1960. The new regime under the country’s first president, Modibo Keita, was inspired by Eastern Europe and China. One-party system, socialist economics, and attempts to gain political independence from the former colonial power brought the country into serious economic and political crisis as early as the 1960’s. In 1968, Keita was overthrown by a military coup led by Moussa Traoré, whose regime was not substantially different from Keitas. State control of the economy increased during the 1970’s, and there was still only one party with much influence over all permitted organizations. The economic and political crisis worsened in the 1980’s, and in 1991, Traore’s regime was overthrown by a popular uprising. From 1992, Mali has had a multi-party system with free elections for both parliament and the presidential post.
According to a2zgov, Alpha Oumar Konare (b. 1946) became Mali’s first democratically elected president since independence in 1992. After two terms of office, he resigned in 2002 and was succeeded by former General Amadou Toumani Touré; Touré does not belong to any political party, but in 1991 was the driving force behind the departure of Traoré and the transition to democracy. He was re-elected president in April 2007. Since the end of the armed conflict with the Tuaregs in the mid-1990’s, Mali has generally been marked by peace, as has the country experienced economic growth. However, it remains one of the poorest in the world.
In March 2012, the regime was overthrown by a military coup, and President Touré fled; in April he was arrested in Mali. Once again, there has been turmoil with the Tuaregans in the north who want to get their own independent state. In military circles, there has been discontent that the president was unable to fight the Tuareg uprising, which led to the coup. As a result of the coup, the country was suspended as a member of the African Union (AU)). During the summer of 2012, the militant Islamic militia Ansar Dine gained control of northern Mali. Later in the year, however, the country was resumed in AU. In late 2012, Islamist rebel groups spread to the south, and in January 2013, the government asked for international aid. France supported with military forces and aircraft along with several West African countries. French and Malaysian forces succeeded in beating back the Ansa Dine forces in the north. The situation remains uncertain in the country.
In 2013 elections were held, the first page 2007; former prime minister Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta was elected new president. With the conduct of the election, Mali hopes that stability in the country can be restored so that the country can again receive international aid.