Yemen – national flag
Yemen – national flag, The flag, which was officially adopted in 1990 when North Yemen and South Yemen were united into one state, had originally been proposed in 1971. It is based on the Egyptian and the colors are the Pan-Arabic. The overall Yemeni flag is a compromise between the flags of North and South Yemen.
- Countryaah: What does the flag of Yemen look like? Follow this link, then you will see the image in PNG format and flag meaning description about this country.
Yemen – history
According to a2zgov, in the Yemeni area, several ancient kingdoms arose, which known for trade in incense. This includes Saba, whose heyday began in 600 BC. Saba rivaled with Hadramawt and Qataban. approximately 270 AD the himyars united the whole area into one empire, which in the following centuries had a great influence on the arabic peninsula. Both Judaism and Christianity emerged during that period. The Christian Ethiopian Aksum kingdom had in the 500-t. control before southern Arabia approximately 575 became a province of the Persian Sasanian empire.
- AbbreviationFinder: Check three-letter abbreviation for each country in the world, such as YEM which represents the official name of Yemen.
Even before Muhammad’s death in 632, Yemen had become part of the new, Islamic-based political system on the Arabian Peninsula. During the Umayyads and the early Abbasids, Yemen was administered by a governor appointed by the caliph. From the middle of the 800-t. however, the Yemeni rulers were truly independent. Internal Shia Muslim strife led to a smaller group in 713/714 choosing Zaid (d. 740) as imam and thus breaking with the other Shia Muslims. The Zaidites founded in the 800-t. the first of a series of dynasties that, with its center in Sada, came to exist until 1962. In 900-t. also succeeded followers of another Shia Muslim branch, the Ismailis, to establish themselves in the country. In the following centuries, a number of local and regional dynasties fought for power in Yemen, including the ayyubids and rasulids.
Yemen’s valuable coffee production made the country a target for Ottoman expansion. In the early 1500-t. the Ottoman Empire secured control of part of Yemen. This led the tribes in the northern part of the country to support the Zaidi imams, and in 1635 the Ottomans were completely driven out. Now began during the Zaidites a heyday based on coffee exports, which lasted until competition from the European colonies set in in the 1700’s.
In 1839, Britain captured the port city of Aden and from there expanded its influence in southern Yemen. To prevent further British expansion, the Ottomans re-established themselves in North Yemen from 1849. They never gained full control, but the division of the country was cemented when the British and Ottomans in 1904 entered into an agreement which set the boundary. After the end of World War I, it became the basis for a division of territory in northern Yemen under the leadership of Imam Yahya and a British-controlled southern territory.
Yahya, who followed a strong isolationist and traditionalist course, was assassinated in 1948. He was succeeded by his son Ahmad, who largely continued his father’s political line. Immediately after his death in 1962, his son Muhammad al-Badr was overthrown in a coup; the imam regime was abolished and instead the Yemeni Arab Republic was established with Abd-Allah al-Sallal at the helm. A civil war between imamtro groups supported by Saudi Arabia on the one hand and Republicans supported by Egypt on the other long ravaged the republic and was only finally ended in 1970. Dominated by the army and tribal leaders, North Yemen became part of the capitalist world with close relations to The West.
Britain’s interests in the area remained concentrated on Aden, and the British – controlled areas in the south were never integrated into an economic entity. After World War II, a nationalist movement emerged. A bloody power struggle between the various nationalist groups was won by the National Liberation Front, which in November 1967 was able to proclaim the Democratic People’s Republic of Yemen. It received financial support from the Soviet Union and became part of the Eastern Bloc.
From the early 1970’s, several unsuccessful attempts were made to unite North and South Yemen. However, a recognition that a collection would bring benefits to all parties emerged in the 1980’s. It was strengthened when the Soviet Union cut off its support for southern Yemen in 1989, and in April 1990 the two countries were formally united under the name of the Republic of Yemen. The leader of the North Yemen since 1978, Ali Abd-Allah Salih, became president, and the leader of the South Yemen Socialist Party (YSP), Ali Salim al-Bayd, became vice president. A transitional phase was agreed upon, during which the two vastly different economic and political systems were to be integrated. In the 1993 parliamentary elections, Salih’s party won, and Salih formed a coalition government with election numbers two and three, an Islamist party and the YSP. Internal power struggles, however, soon revealed deep antagonisms between North and South, and in 1994, there was a real civil war. North Yemen won completely, and in the fall, Salih was re-elected president. In the first years after the 1994 civil war, old South Yemen was politically and economically marginalized, but the continuing opposition forced the government to change policy and to also provide the southern part of the country with investment. In 2000, a local branch resignedal-Qaeda is behind a terrorist attack on the USS Cole, which killed 17 US soldiers. Following the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington on 11 SeptemberIn 2001, the Yemeni government realized the benefit of working more closely with the United States to combat international terrorism. The co-operation has given rise to considerable popular opposition, large demonstrations throughout Yemen when the United States in November 2002 with an unmanned aircraft killed a suspected local al-Qaeda leader. The Yemeni government, along with the rest of the Arab world, tried to thwart US plans for a military offensive against Iraq in March 2003, but without success. Yemen has concluded negotiations with both Oman and Saudi Arabia, thus finally establishing the borders with the two neighboring countries. The border agreement with Saudi Arabia in 2000 paved the way for Yemen to intensify oil and gas exploration in the region for production and exports.
Despite efforts against local al-Qaeda groups, the movement has been strengthened, not least after many of its Saudi supporters took refuge in Yemen. An attempt to blow up a US passenger plane of a terrorist who had been trained in Yemen put international focus on the situation in the country. In 2010, a terrorist attack emanating from Yemen against US cargo planes was averted.
In early 2011, Ali Abd-Allah Salih announced that he did not want to run again in the upcoming 2013 elections. The decision came in the wake of a series of popular protests against the regime, inspired by similar events in Tunisia and Egypt. However, this did not stop the protests, and through February and March the situation intensified. In March, the unrest led to several casualties, after which several senior officers began expressing support for the opposition. The uneasy situation escalated and there were open battles between government forces and opposition. In early June, Salih was wounded in an attack on the palace, after which he traveled to Saudi Arabia for medical attention. Salih returned to Yemen in September, but as early as November he agreed to step down in favor of the vice presidentAbd Rabbuh Mansur al-Hadi. In a February 2012 presidential election in which al-Hadi was the sole candidate, he was confirmed in the post.
Since 2004, there have been clashes between government forces and Zaidi-Shiite rebels, the so-called Houthis. The uprising began in the northern parts of the country, and in 2009 there were very fierce fighting. In September 2014, the Houthis managed to gain control of Sana; in January 2015, fighting broke out between the president’s bodyguards and the Houthis, and the following month, President al-Hadi and the government resigned. Al-Hadi fled to Aden, which declared a temporary capital and where he reunited his government. The fighting led to extensive Saudi intervention in support of al-Hadi’s government, while the Houthis reportedly received support from Iran. In March 2015, the Sunni fundamentalist group ISIS carried out terrorist attacks on Shiite mosques in Sana. There are concerns about whether Yemen will become another failed state in the Middle East.